Moreso, G. (2021): Understanding sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus) in Pico Island, Azores

Gerard Moreso’s seven-year study, investigated sperm whale occurrences around Pico Island, Azores, using photo-identification during whale watching trips

Objectives

Assessing Occurrence and Distribution: Investigate the presence and spatial distribution of sperm whales in the study area using photo-identification data.
Understanding Social Structure: Analyze the social structure of sperm whale populations, identifying patterns related to gender, age, and behavioral characteristics.
Behavioral Analysis: Examine behaviors displayed by sperm whales, with a focus on seasonal variations and distinctive activities observed during different times of the year.
Spatial Distribution Analysis: Evaluate the homogeneous distribution of sperm whales in the study area, considering environmental variables such as depth, distance to the coast, and sea surface temperature.
Opportunistic Platform Assessment: Assess the effectiveness of whale watching as an opportunistic platform for cost-efficient and reliable data collection in scientific research.
Environmental Impact Assessment: Investigate the influence of environmental variables on sperm whale occurrence, providing insights into their habitat preferences.
Contribution to Conservation: Contribute valuable information to marine conservation efforts by enhancing understanding of sperm whale populations and their dynamics.

Impact

Results of Gerard Moreso's study on sperm whales around Pico Island

Photo-Identification Database: Creation of a comprehensive photo-identification database comprising 516 individual sperm whales, providing insights into their occurrences and distributions.
Seasonal Residency Patterns: Identification of patterns of seasonal residency, showcasing times of individual permanence up to 72 days, contributing to understanding long-term behaviors.
Gender and Age Distribution: Observation of a prevalence of females and immature individuals, including calves, with a clear distinction in abundance during different seasons.
Unit Size Similarity: Confirmation of a similar unit size displayed by sperm whales in the study area compared to other regions in the Atlantic Ocean.
Male Abundance in Summer: Discovery of a higher abundance of male sperm whales in summer, accompanied by distinct foraging diving times compared to females.
Spatial Distribution Analysis: Homogeneous distribution observed, with recommendations for further research in specific areas to enhance understanding.
Environmental Factors Influence: Recognition of environmental variables such as depth, distance to the coast, and sea surface temperature as potential factors influencing sperm whale occurrence.
Efficacy of Whale Watching: Affirmation of the value of whale watching as an opportunistic platform for acquiring cost-efficient and reliable data for scientific research.

These results contribute to marine conservation efforts and expand knowledge about sperm whale populations in the waters around Pico Island.

Supported UN Global Goals

Gerard Moreso’s seminal study, conducted during his tenure at Futurismo Azores Adventures, investigates the occurrence, distribution, and behaviors of sperm whales around Pico Island, Azores. Utilizing whale watching as an opportunistic platform, the seven-year research period resulted in a comprehensive database of 516 photo-identified sperm whales. The study unveils patterns of seasonal residency and individual permanence, emphasizing the prevalence of females and immature individuals. Through insightful spatial distribution analysis, the research contributes to marine conservation, terrestrial and marine biodiversity, educational initiatives, and exemplifies collaborative partnerships for sustainable development.