The temporal and spatial distribution patterns of sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) around the Azores, coupled with movements between the Azores, Madeira and the Canaries, were analyzed by Sardà et al (2015) using photo identification techniques applied to track individuals.

Objective

The purpose of the study is to analyze temporal and spatial distribution of sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) in the Azores and near areas. The research compares photo identification data from Azores, Madeira and Canaries to examine the movement patterns, seasonality and social structure of sperm whale populations across the regions.

Impact

The study found that this distribution varies both spatially and seasonally in multiple patterns. During the summer months whales were seen primarily in the Azores with seasonal migratory movements observed between the Azores and the Canaries.
Sperm whales were found to have site fidelity with a number of individuals being re-sighted during multiple years, highlighting significance of these regions to feeding and migration. But Azores and Caribbean populations were found to have no matches, supporting little migratory connections between the Atlantic.
Habitat use and conservation needs for sperm whale populations continue to be poorly understood and the findings further emphasize the need for ongoing monitoring.

Supported UN Global Goals

Sardà et al. (2013) help achieve Sustainable Development Goal 14 (Life Below Water), in their work regarding the movement and distribution of sperm whales in the Azores, Madeira and Canaries. The results support marine biodiversity conservation, encourage sustainable tourism and further research on migratory patterns and site fidelity of cetaceans. Photo-identification of whales allows the project to monitor whale populations and assess how the whale habitat may be affected.