Pico Mountain, the rooftop of Portugal! This is the highest you can be in the whole country. This important volcano in the middle of the Atlantic almost takes up the full island of Pico, named after it. It is quite an impressive view from the plane when you arrive at the island.
You can see the mountain from almost everywhere on the island. Rising to 2,351 meters above sea level 7713 ft (2.35 km), it is quite the ultimate Azorean challenge to climb to the top of Portugal’s highest peak. And what a romantic view to have at its summit!
Here, we will see all you need to know about this majestic volcano, from its history to geology and nature. We will also give you tips on how to climb Pico Mountain safely. This will be the highlight of your holidays in the Azores.
What is Pico Mountain
Geology & Volcanology
The stratovolcano of Pico is quite young, volcanologically speaking. It is about 750,000 years old and is the third-biggest peak in the Atlantic. On top of Pico Mountain, you will find the central crater named Pico Grande, from where there is another lava cone of 70 meters known as Piquinho. From Piquinho, several sulfur fumaroles are coming out, proving the volcanic activity is still alive at Pico Mountain!
The crater has a perimeter of about 700m, and its walls rise to 30 meters higher. Lavender flows around the mountain, and plenty of basalt material can be seen. Pico Mountain’s base is at the central plateau of Pico island, but in Ponta da Faca, the mountain ends in the ocean with basaltic lava flows creating bays, caves, and lava tubes.
History & Geography
All the biggest eruptions of the Pico volcano happened on the flanks, never really from the main crater. The last eruption was in December 1720. The one creating Piquinho was in 1718 on the southern side. Before this, a big eruption from 1562 to 1564 created lava flowing into the ocean.
In addition to possessing the highest mountain of Portugal, Pico island is the second-biggest island of the Azorean archipelago after São Miguel. It is part of the central group of islands, with its 4 other neighbors, São Jorge, Faial (the three forming the Triangle islands), Terceira, and Graciosa, up north.
Fauna & Flora
Pico Mountain has been a nature reserve since 1972, and its 1,500 acres should be protected at all costs. It is considered a Special Area of Conservation (SAC) by Natura 2000 and one of the most important geosites in the Azores by UNESCO. Remember not to take anything but pictures, leave nothing but footprints, and do not walk on the vegetation.
Among the vegetation, you can find quite a lot of diversity at the base of the mountain. There are also some pastures where cows enjoy the pure air and grass of Pico Mountain. From 1,200 to 1,400 meters above sea level, the Macaronesian holly, Azores juniper, Azores blueberry, or Erica Azorica can be seen along with the typical species found in a Laurissilva forest. At the top, you will mostly see lichens.
There is not much to see in terms of wildlife because of the rough altitude conditions, lack of food, and weather hazards. However, in the summer, you can see species like the Atlantic canary, the chaffinch, starling, buzzards, and some Azorean bats (noctules).
How to Climb Pico Mountain
The hike to the Pico Mountain top is not easy. It is quite a steep ascent, and the descent can be dangerous, with the risk of falling. If you are in good health conditions and the weather is on your side, climbing Pico Mountain is a wonderful experience living in the Azores.
The trail begins at the Mountain’s House (Casa da Montanha), about 1,200 meters above sea level 3937 ft (1.2 kilometers). From there, you can go only to Furna do Abrigo, for 45 minutes and a 1-kilometer distance, or to the top, above at 2,351m. One way represents about 3.8 km for a drop of 1,150m (3,772.97 ft). Count about 3 hours to climb and a bit more to go down.
The passage by the Mountain House is mandatory before and after each climb. They will give you instructions and advice and hand a GPS to rescue you if needed. Along the hike, you will find 47 wooden markers that will help you find your way. Moreover, the Mountain House only authorizes 160 visitors simultaneously on the trail and 320 visitors per day, so always book beforehand. There are three ways to climb Pico Mountain.
Climb by Day
This is the fastest option if you run out of time on Pico Island. You can go to the mountain house in the morning, climb to the top, see the wonderful views, and then go back down. This would last about 7 to 8 hours, including stops to look around and fully enjoy this challenging hike.
The biggest advantage of this option is that you will have a lighter backpack than if you decide to stay overnight (option 3). So hiking gets easier as you carry less weight, no tent or camping equipment. This is also perfect if you are only staying a few days on Pico Island or want the safety of an easier hike in the daylight and the comfort of a hotel bed.
Climb During the Night
With this option, you will need to climb during the night, about 3 to 4 hours before sunrise, to arrive at Piquinho right for the first rays of the sun rising from the infinite ocean. This is quite a spectacular moment to live on the rooftop of Portugal.
Climbing Pico Mountain in the dark can be challenging, and it is better to go with a guide. However, it is easier than going down in the dark, which is not recommended. Many people choose this option for the sunrise spectacle as it consumes less time than staying overnight. For this option, you will need a head torch to climb safely.
Stay Overnight
The overnight stay at the top of Pico Mountain is the greatest experience for camping enthusiasts. You will arrive right for sunset. Before the sunset on Piquinho, set up your tent right, as it will get dark quickly. After watching the sunset over the ocean, you will sleep inside the big crater, protected by some rocky walls. The night can get cold, so please keep a good sleeping bag in mind.
After a good night of sleep at the highest point of Portugal, you will get ready for the descent, but climb again at Piquinho for the sunrise, which is worth seeing. For this option, only 32 visitors are allowed to camp on the same night, so it is crucial to book beforehand. Please note that there are no facilities such as toilets, food places, or anything in the crater.
Best Time to Climb Pico Mountain
Best Season to Visit Pico Mountain
The best season to climb Pico Mountain is the summer. From May to October is perfect weather-wise. However, in July and August, the mountain can get full quickly. You need to book in advance to respect the quotas.
Outside this season, the weather is more uncertain. However, you can never be certain about the weather in the Azores, even in the summer. But there are more chances of rain, fog, clouds, or even snow! Plus, it can get much colder on the summit, which is uncomfortable to sleep. Furthermore, if the weather conditions are too bad, your climb can get canceled by the Mountain House. So put all chances on your side and climb in the warmer months.
Best Time of the Day
For the day climb, the best thing to do is begin in the morning to take your time and not rush. If you wish to climb at night, you need to see the sunrise time and start 3 to 4 hours beforehand to make sure you don’t miss the natural show. Finally, for the overnight stay, you must begin your hike at 2 pm from November to May or 4 pm from June to October to arrive before the sunset.
Plan your Visit to Pico Mountain
How to Get to Pico Mountain
The Mountain’s House (Casa da Montanha) is on the island’s Western side. From Madalena town, you must follow the EN3 main road Eastwards until you see indications towards the mountain on the right side. It takes about 20 minutes to get there and is only 17 kilometers away from that town.
You can get there easily by renting a car and parking at the mountain house. There are also taxis going there from all the towns around Pico island. Here is the GPS link.
What to Bring to Pico Mountain
When you decide to climb Pico Mountain, there are a few things you will need to consider bringing with you for a safe and fun experience, depending on which climb you choose. Firstly, clothing. Dress in layers to be prepared for anything. Bring a sweater, a rain jacket, comfortable pants, and hiking shoes. Walking sticks are always good for assistance in the ascent and descent.
Then, you need to think about water. Having at least 1.5L of water with you is essential because this hike can be exhausting and get you dehydrated. Sunscreen and sunglasses are also a must as the sun will hit harder at altitude, and there is no shelter from the sun. Energy food is also good to have for a snack, dinner, or breakfast if you are considering sleeping up there.
For the overnight climb, you will need a tent, a sleeping bag, a mat, a flashlight, and extra warm clothes. If there is snow on the trail, it is mandatory to wear crampons to climb.
Where to Eat Near Pico Mountain
If you require somewhere to eat near Montanha do Pico, click here. In this link, you’ll find the 10 best restaurants on Tripadvisor.
Where to Stay Near Pico Mountain
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Pricing and Opening Hours for Pico Mountain
Pricing depends on the type of climb that you are planning. For guided tours, prices can differ from the different companies. Note that the climb is free of charge for Residents of the Azores. Here are the fees that you need to pay to climb Pico Mountain:
- Climb to Furna Abrigo: €5
- Full climb to the crater: €15
- Additional climb to Piquinho: €10
- Overnight stay: €10
Mountain House Opening Hours:
- The mountain house is open 24/24 hours from May 1st to September 30th.
- From October 1st to 31st, it opens non-stop from 8 am on Friday to 8 pm on Sunday. On the other days, from 8 am to 8 pm.
- From November 1st to April 30th, it is open from 8 am to 6 pm.
- Closed on January 1st and December 25th.
Safety Tips for Climbing Pico Mountain
To climb Pico Mountain, you must have the appropriate material and be physically healthy. It is also recommended that you go with a local guide. The biggest danger of climbing Pico Mountain is the descent, as you can fall due to small rocks on the way. That is why starting your way down at least 4 hours before sunset is important.
Furthermore, the weather conditions can change quickly, and you could be surrounded by fog. This makes it challenging to follow the trail. If once you pass by one of the official wooden markers, you can’t find the next one in 30 minutes, you should return to the last one you saw. Otherwise, you can walk forever and get lost. A good way to know if you are lost is if you are stepping on vegetation. There are none on the trail route.
At the mountain house, they will give you a GPS tracker you need to give back when you finish. If the mountain house is closed on your way back, you should return it to the Fire Department in Madalena.
Quick Info
Casa da Montanha’s new rules require everyone to wear suitable footwear for mountaineering to be allowed up the mountain. Consequently, they will deny access to the mountain reserve to anyone with flat shoes, sports shoes, running shoes, and sneakers without a proper profile in the sole.
You must wear hiking shoes or shoes with a sturdy sole and good grip.
If you have doubts about your shoes, you can send us a photo, and we will inform you whether they are allowed. If informed clients show up with shoes that are not allowed and are refused access to the mountain, we will charge them for the climb.
What to Do Around Pico Mountain
Pico is the second-biggest island in the Azores. Although it is called Mountain Island, there are plenty of other things to do!
See the Longest Straight Road of the Azores
On Pico Island, you can see the longest straight road in the Azores. It is also one of the longest in Portugal, right by Pico Mountain. The longitudinal EN3 is about 23 kilometers long, with 9 kilometers of a straight line. It is longer than the width of 4 islands of the archipelago.
The length of this straight road is also the same distance between Pico and Faial Island. This road is an attraction in itself. It is called one of the most beautiful roads in Portugal, thanks to beautiful views over Pico Mountain. But it also leads to one of the most beautiful lakes of Pico: Lagoa do Capitão.
Hike in the Vineyards of Criação Velha
On the western part of Pico island, Criação Velha is a beautiful rocky natural pool with transparent waters. It is located right next to the world-famous vineyards, a typical landscape of Pico island that is not to be missed when on holidays on the island. Criação Velha trail is to be distinguished due to its highlights and singular beauty.
This trail is full of surprises, from walking surrounded by old volcanic vineyards to swimming in the crystal clear waters of the natural pool nearby to seeing interesting geological and volcanological patterns.
Located in Madalena, this hike was recognized in 2011 by BootsnAll for its landscape and cultural diversity. It is a perfect example of the Protected Landscape of the Wine Culture, which has been classified by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site since 2004. It is rich in elements from the wine culture and volcanic activity.
From the trail, you can even see the islets of Madalena and the island of Faial. One of the highlights includes the big red windmill that is sometimes open to visitors. Walk with our guide to know more about this trail!
Visit the Town of Madalena
The municipalities of São Roque do Pico, and Lajes do Pico limit Madalena to the east. It is geographically well located on the island of Pico, opposite Horta city, on Faial island. From the seafront of Madalena, you can spot the islets between the two islands. Those are geological formations where seabirds nest.
The historic center of Madalena is also important to visit, with Santa Maria church, the city hall, and all the narrow streets with beautiful architecture. The land right outside the town is where most of the Pico wine is produced, and you can even visit the wine museum in town to learn everything about the special process.
Explore Lagoa do Capitão
At about 800 meters above sea level, this lake is the most popular on Pico Island due to its infinite beauty and view of Pico Mountain when the sun is shining. There are so many beautiful natural landscapes to see on Pico Island. Choosing which one to see first is challenging, but Lagoa do Capitão in São Roque should be on your list. This is maybe the lake with the most beautiful view over the Pico volcano in the background.
From up there – at 826m above sea level – you can enjoy a great panorama over Pico and São Jorge island. Once you arrive at the shore of the lake, surrounded by beautiful Azores Junipers, you can meet some peaceful cows, several species of birds, and aquatic life.
There is the possibility of doing a hike (PR13PIC) to Lagoa do Capitão if you wish to visit more of that beautiful mountainous region that is the central plateau of Pico. And, of course, Futurismo can take you to this beautiful lake and other wonderful places off the beaten track with a van tour dedicated to volcanoes and lakes. Embark on this discovery adventure with us! Explore the most breathtaking lakes on the island and the longest lava tube in Portugal.
Complementary Information
Useful Tools and Apps
The weather in the Azores is quite unpredictable. For this reason, there is a very useful App that you can install on your mobile phone before visiting any of the 9 islands: Spotazores. The cameras installed at the biggest tourist attractions allow you to check the weather and decide where to visit next.
Use Windy or Windguru to check the weather forecast for the next few days. They are the most accurate.
How to Get to Pico Island
There are many plane routes to the island of Pico. The main entry points are Lisbon, Porto (on the mainland), and Bandeiras (on the island), but there are also many direct routes.
The best way to find a flight that works for you is to use a flight search engine like eDreams or Skyscanner. As you may already know, these sites allow you to compare prices and schedules of various airlines in one place.
Once you find a flight you like, all you need to do is book! And in a few hours, you’ll be on your way to one of the most beautiful archipelagos in the world.
Cultural Agenda on The Island of Pico
The island of Pico has many cultural events to offer all year round. You can see the full list of events at the following link.
Video of Pico Island
Conclusion
Climbing Pico Mountain is not for the faint-hearted, but if you are healthy with a strong mind and the will to achieve this goal, no one can stop you from this once-in-a-lifetime experience.
From the top of Pico Mountain, you will feel like you are on top of the world! With a clear sky, you can see all the islands from the central group and the whole island of Pico with the volcano’s shadow. This wonderful experience will stick with you for the rest of your life.
Are you ready for this Azorean challenge?
Authors’ Note
I’m pleased to inform you that all the recommendations in this article are based on my experience and observations. As the author, I have personally visited each attraction mentioned, ensuring that every suggestion is grounded in first-hand knowledge and genuine enthusiasm.
FAQs
Pico Mountain is the highest peak in Portugal, rising 2,351 meters above sea level. It’s located on Pico Island in the Azores, offering breathtaking views of the surrounding islands and ocean from its summit.
The hike to the summit and back usually takes 6 to 8 hours, depending on your pace and weather conditions. It’s a challenging climb, but the spectacular panoramic views at the top make it a rewarding experience.
The Mountain House operates year-round, with different hours depending on the season. From May 1st to September 30th, it’s open 24/7. During other months, it opens from 8 AM to 6 PM, with extended hours on weekends in autumn.
The climbing fees vary depending on the hike. The cost for the Furna Abrigo hike is €5, the full ascent to the crater is €15, and an additional hike to Piquinho costs €10. There is a €10 overnight fee, but residents of the Azores climb for free.
